Valve-gear for internal-combustion engines.



No. 860,630 P ATEETE D JULY 23; 1907.

P. w. B ADY." 1 VALVE GEAR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLIOATIO N PILED MAR. 2, 1 9 06.

2 sums-sum 1.

I 17 $65 88??? lf zerzessea' x [67 1w. BRADY.

' VALVE. GEAR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

I Arrmoumlg FILED MAR. z. 1905.

PATENTED JULY 23, 1907. Y

2 SHEETS-SHEETQ.

nnrrsn STAiTlEs esrnrvr orrion.

FRANCIS W; BRADY, OF ENGLE\\ 'OOD, NEW JERSEY.

VALVE GEAR FOR INTEBNAL-GOMBUS'IION ENGINES.

specification of Letters Patent. Application filed March 2,

Patented July 23, 1907.

1905. Serial No. 248,003.

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, FRANCIS W; BRADY, a citizen of the United Sir1tes,'residing-at Englewood, in the My invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in internal combustion engines and the object is to provide an engine which may be satisfactorily operated with the various grades of liquid fuel, including the heavier oils and which shall be economical in operation, simple in construction and efficient.

To this end my invention consists of the combinations and parts hereinafter more 'tparticularly referred to and which includes novel means for vaporizing the 1 fuel within the engine proper .and at a comparatively high temperature, the provision of a special fuel recoiver which is constantly subjected to a strong current of air during the feedingof the fuel for the purpose of more cfhcicn'tly" vaporizing it, and the provision of means whereby the fuel receiver is swept clean after each enplosionand before a new charge of ,fuel is inserted, I p

A further 'improve1nent.consists in novel means for injecting the proper amount of fuel at the proper time and the delivering of it to the fuel receiver, and there ,are other numerous improvements and advantages which will be pointed out more particularly hereafter.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of my application I have illustrated one form of my invention but I do not wish tooe understood as limiting myself to the particular arrangement ofparts therein shown, as

many modifications and changes can be made there from without departing from the 'spirito'flmy invention;

In these drawings Figure 1 is'a sectional elevation showingthe parts in detail, and as I prefer to arrangethem;

I Fig. 2 is'anenlarged cross-sectional view taken on line Y x,x, Fig. 1, of the pilot or main valve showing the fuel feeding port and coacting mechanism, Fig. 3 is a simi lar view to Fig.' 2'but shows the parts in different relative positions, while Fig. i is a plan view of the cycle controlling or operating. cam,"and shows diagrammat -ieally the several-operatiops as'they occur during the working of the engine.

In these drawings, 1, represents the shell or casing iof'the engine cylinder, water. jacket 2, of ordinary form, being provided as shown. Within the cylinder the piston 3is adapted to move, th'e'connecting rod 4 being secured to thc cross head 5 and thus with the main crank shaft (5 in the usual manner. At the upper end of the engine cylinder is provided a combustion' or explosionchamber, 7, having a vaporizing portion or compartment 8. A partition or pilot valve 9, is adapted to close the aperture connecting the combustion and vaporizing chambers atcertain periods duringthe operation of the engine. This pilot valve mounted upon the stem within a Suitable stufling hotel], in the head of the cylinder, and the valve is normally maintained in a closed position by means of a spring with a cam 16, connected to and operated by suitable gearing from the main shaft 6, as will hereafter be more located any desirable sparking or exploding device such as the electrically operated device shown, wherein there is provided an electric circuit, in which are located sparking terminals 17 and, 18, across which an electric spark is adapted to jump at the proper time. The'construction and operation of this device is similar to those now in use and well understood, and as it forms no part of my present invention need not be more particularly dest'ribed. a I In Fig. 1,19, indicatesthe air inlet pipe having a port governed by a valve 20, which is normally maintained closed by the spring 21. v A valve'22 governs the exhaustport 23'and is normallyheld in place by gravity, or by some spring mechanism as may be desired. Fuel is supplied to the engine through -the pipe 24, channel 25, and 'to the recess or compartment 26, 10-

(see Figs. 2 and 3), which stem is provided with longitudinal recesses or' grooves 27 of suflicient extent to permit thejflowpf the required quantity of fuel to the vaporizing chamber upoirthe full depression of the stem.

diagrammatical representations shown in Fig. 4. Assuming. that an explosion has just takenplaee, the pisin a clockwise manner as shown in Fig. l, is so disposed that when the pistonhas very nearly reached the end .of its down stroke, the portions contacts with the tap- I pet lever, the stem 10, is depressed and the pilot valve 9 opens communication between the combustion chamroller 15. haviiiga'dwell upon the cam 16 between a and a point short of b "During; the upward stroke of the piston the valve 22 liits and'isheld'open by the pressure for this purpose, Upon" -the;.begi1ming of the next downward 'str'ok the valve 22clo'ses byreason of its gravity and the release from pressure'and the valve opens because of the vacuum created by the piston in its downward movement. At this point, thereiore, a

ber and the vaporizing chamber. Q The return stroke of the piston drives from the combustion and vaporizing chambers the exhaust and unused vapors, the friction 12. It is opened by the action 01' a tappet'levcr 13, fulcrumed at any suitable point as at 14, and one end of which lever carries a friction roller, 15, which contacts particularly described." In the explosion chamber is cated adjacent to and surrounding the pilot valve stem:

The operation of the device will now'be described, and it will best be understood in connection with the ton is driven downwizrdly thereby. The cam, rotating I current of air isdm'wn in through pipe 19, and, flowing past the pilot valve or partition 9, sweeps it clean of products of combustion which may have been depos- "ted thereon, While this current of air is flowing and,

the piston moving downward, a further movement of the pilot valve and stem is caused by the projection c pilot valve 9, which thx'" acts as a fuel receiver, and, I

becoming very highly heal .vd during the working of the engine, serves as a very efficient aid .in the vaporization of the fuel injected. During the fuel feeding operation the current of air is still flowing directly upon the fuel and fuel receiver and aids in vaporizing the same, and the engine stroke and cam gearing is so arranged that the current of air continues to flow upon the'fuel receiver after the fuel supply has been cut off, whenjthe roller rides off of the cl evationc on the cam, Thus all of the fuel is properly vaporized and no ,waste'or refuse permitted to remain on the receiver. By the time the piston has started upon its next return stroke the roller on the tappet arm rides off of the portion dot the cam and the pilot valve 9, closes so that the continued upward stroke of the piston compresses the charge in" the com bustion chamber until it is ignited and exploded, at or about the time the piston has reached its extreme position. After the explosion the above described op oration is repeated as before.

In the apparatus hcre'illustrated I have shown the air inlet and exhaust ports operated automatically, and this is a preferable arrangement as thereby all danger of aback lire into the inlet pipe, in the event of the firing of a charge in the cylinder when the air valve is open is obviated. If thevalve were positively held open in such a case, the fire would strike back, but if it is autr' maticallyoperated as shown, the combustion will cause sufficient pressure to close the valve and the gases will pass to the exhaust as described. 4

Any means of feeding the liquid fuel to the engine I maybe employed, such as gravity or prcssurebut in using the heavier petroleum products,.a pressure feed ing'apparatus of some sort will befound most satisfac-' tory. l have shown the exhaust port openihg into What 1 have termed a vaporizing compartment or chamber but this is not a necessary arrangement and it may be locatedin direct communication with the combustion chamber. By so doing the small portion of unexploded mixture which is left in the vapor zing chambur upon closing the pilot valve would not be discharged into the air with the exhaust, but would be retaincd there for injection into the explosion chamber with the feeding of a new charge.

Various other modifications and changes may be made in my apparatus without dc parting f mm the spirit of my invention and I do. not limit myself to the particiilar arrangements shown and described, but

' uid has stopped.

' feed.

a the presence of two subscribing witness the vaporizer into the combustion chamber throughout the suction stroke of the engine, and means for feeding a liquid hydrocarbon directly onto the vaporizingsurface'dur ing a part only of the suction stroke.

In an internal combustion engine, a combustion chamber, an air inlettberefor, a vaporizing surface in the path of the'incoming air, and means for feedings liquid hydrocarbondlrcctly onto the vaporizing surfacedurlng a part only of the suction stroke.

4. In an internal combustion engine, a vaporizer having a vaporizing surface, means for feeding the liquid to' be' vaporized directly onto said surface at intervals, and.

means for directing a current of air-against said surface after the feed of the liquid has stopped. i 5. In an internal combustion engine, a vaporlze'r'havlng a'vnporizing surface, means for feeding the llquid to be vaporized directly onto said surface at intervals, and; means for dlrcctlng a currentof air againstsald'surflace during the feed of the liquid and after thefeed of'the liq- G. In an internal combustion englne, ,a cham'her through which the products of combustion-are exhausted, a vaporizing surface'in said chamber, means for feeding liquid fuel directly-onto said vaporizing surface at lnterv als. and-- means for sweeping the products of combustion 0d of said vaporizing surface after the exhaust and before the fuel If internal. combustion :englne a combustlon onto sald surface at intervals, and means for passing a current of all: across said surface and into the combustion chamber. I p

8. In an internal combustion 'englne, a combustion chamber, a vaporizing chamber communicating therewith} air inlet and exhaust ports lnsaldvaporizing chamber, a

puppet "valve between the combustion and vapprizlng chambers, a stern for said valve, a casing surrounding said stern, an oil reservoir between the stem and casing, and ducts in the stem so constructed and arranged as to open c rimunlcntlon between the reservoir and vaporizing ninbernnd feed oll directly onto the surface of the valve y when the puppet valve is open.

5). In an lnternal combustion engine, a. combustion chnmberfn vaporizing chambercoinmun'lcafin i therewith. air inlet und'exhnust ports In the vaporizing chamber, a

puppet valve between the vaporizing and combustion chambers, a stem for said valve, a casing surrounding said stem, an oil reservoir between the stem and easing, oll ducts in the stem, and means for imparting n plurality of distinct movements to said stem in one, dlrectlon, said stem, ducts and easing being constructed and arranged that after one movement of the stem the puppet valve is open and the ducts are closed by the casing, and upon'a. subsequent movement of the stem the ducts are opened to feed oil from the reservoir onto the surface of the puppet valve. I

10. In "an internal combustion englne, n combustion chamber, a vaporizing chamber communicating thercwltb,-l air inlet and exhaust ports luthe vaporizing cbambelq, a vnporizlnp surface in said vaporizing chamber and lntbe path of the exhaust cases, a puppet valve between the. combustion and vaporizing chambers, a stem for sold valve, a casing surrounding said stim, an oil reservoir betwe'erfthe stem and casing, oil ducts in the stem, and menus for importing a plurality of, dlstlnct movements to said stem in one (llrectlon, said stem, ducts and easing belng so constructed and arranged that after one movonient oi the stem the puppet valve is open and the ducts are closed by the casing; and upon a subsequent movement of the stem the ducts ai'c, opencd to feed oil directly onto the vaporizing surface,

in testimony whereof have hereunto set my hand in 

